Less visible but present all the same, the threat of terrorism in South East Asia was evidenced in 2018 by the wave of attacks in Indonesia and the Philippines.  Despite strengthening of security policies in this area, terrorism is still present, mostly due to the rise of Islamist movements.

In Myanmar, abuses against the Rohingya people continue, leading to the exodus of thousands of people mainly to Bangladesh. The conflict also persists in northern Rakhine State, which remains a strongly discouraged zone where only the International Red Cross can access freely.

More generally, maritime piracy traditionally remains one of the main forms of crime,  and conflicts of maritime sovereignty remain a reality.