SPAIN

In 2025, Spain remains a stable, safe, and democratic country, though its political scene is notably polarised. The coalition government led by Socialist Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez — re-elected in 2023 with support from regional and far-left parties — continues to pursue policies focused on social issues, minority rights and green transition, amid a tense parliamentary climate.

Polarisation has deepened between the progressive bloc in power and the conservative opposition, represented by the Partido Popular (PP), with support in some regions from the far-right VOX party. Debates over immigration, historical memory, feminism, and language policies in Catalonia and the Basque Country regularly fuel ideological clashes, both online and in street protests.

Territorially, Catalonia remains a source of tension, though the independence movement has weakened since 2021. Talks between Madrid and Barcelona over enhanced autonomy continue in a more pragmatic tone, although divisions among Catalan separatists persist. The Basque Country is calmer, though nationalist activism remains strong in cultural and political spheres.

Spain has a low but non-zero terrorism risk. Sporadic arrests of suspected Islamist affiliates occurred in 2024, though no major attacks have been recorded in recent years. Security forces remain vigilant, especially in tourist zones and transport hubs.

Ordinary crime is relatively moderate, but pickpocketing, scams and burglaries targeting tourists are frequent in large cities (Barcelona, Madrid, Seville, Valencia) and tourist hotspots (Costa del Sol, Balearics). Basic precautions are advised in crowded public areas.
Spain is increasingly exposed to climate risks. In 2024, several extreme heatwaves struck the south, triggering major wildfires in Andalusia, Extremadura and Catalonia. The government has implemented new risk management and water restriction measures still in effect in 2025.

The country remains a major entry point for irregular migration, particularly from the Sahel and North Africa. Tensions persist over migrant reception in Ceuta and Melilla, and in certain autonomous communities.

Overall, Spain remains a safe and well-organised destination, where travellers can move freely provided they stay informed about local context (protests, natural hazards, urban safety).